Materials and nanotechnology

Laurea Triennale

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  • Tipologia

    Laurea Triennale

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    Pisa

The Master program in Materials and Nanotechnology, part of the LM-53 class, has the aim to train graduates with strong skills in the context of greater industrial interest advanced materials (polymers, metals, ceramics, composites and biomaterials) and materials and metamaterials for electronics and photonics, with particular attention to the application of nanotechnology. To this end, the degree course is divided into two curricula: "Advanced Materials" and "Nanoscience and Nanotechnology". The first is more oriented towards the use of materials in the manufacturing industry, while the latter is mainly directed to the development and use of materials and metamaterials nanostructured devices for electronic and photonic components, and also for biosensor applications. The training program is structured to provide students with a solid basic understanding of the physical, chemical, mechanical and electrical properties of materials, the methods by which these properties can be engineered on even nanometer scale to get certain features and functionality, and then the manner in which these properties can be exploited in the context of industrial and engineering applications processes. To accomplish this aim, the offered courses combine a solid training in engineering and technology and in the physics and chemistry of materials. The academic program includes a variety of educational activities, which include frontal lessons, seminar activities, frequency of laboratories. It concludes with the preparation of an original thesis, experimental or theoretical, to be submitted to public discussion . In the spirit of a multidisciplinary degree program, the curriculum includes a common first year with 36 CFU of specific subjects that include both materials science and engineering oriented to provide students with a common language and tools of analysis to tackle a wide variety of issues that concern the synthesis, fabrication, characterization and engineering of specific...

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Programma

Mechanical Behaviour of Materials (6 cfu)
6 cfu a scelta nel gruppo GR3: Discipline Chimiche e Fisiche
Computational Materials Science (6 cfu)Quantum mechanical approaches, Density Functional Theory, many-body approaches. Multiscale approaches: quantum mechanics, molecular mechanics, coarse graining, polarizable continua. Electronic properties. Excited electronic states and UV-vis spectroscopy. Vibrations, IR and Raman spectroscopy. Dynamicaleffects. Programma di esame
Chemistry of Soft Matter (6 cfu)The course aims at: -Understanding the general concepts of the chemistry of polymers, colloids and interfaces. -Knowing key methods of polymerisation, and their applicability in soft matter. -Explaining the polymeric properties, and the methods utilised to assess these properties. -Explaining the relationships between polymer preparation, structure and properties. -Describing the applications of polymers and understanding which polymers are suitable for which applications. Course outline Fundamentals of soft polymeric materials with special emphasis on the definition, classification, structure of monomers and polymers, their tacticity and molecular weight. Polymer chemistry (synthesis of polymers and the different mechanisms involved), polymer physics (the semi-crystalline state, the thermal transitions in polymers, structure-property relationships) and the mechanical behaviour of macromolecules are also described. Surface tension, adsorption and surface activity, micelle formation and colloids: examples and applications. General description of the importance of physical and chemical properties of soft matter as applied in advanced materials. Programma di esame
6 cfu a scelta nel gruppo GR4: Discipline dell'ingegneria
Transport Phenomena in Materials (6 cfu)This course deals with solid-state diffusion, homogeneous and heterogeneous chemical reactions, and spinodal decomposition. Topics covered include: heat conduction in solids, convective and radiative heat transfer boundary conditions; fluid dynamics, 1-D solutions to the Navier-Stokes equations, boundary layer theory, turbulent flow, and coupling with heat conduction and diffusion in fluids to calculate heat and mass transfer coefficients. Course outline The following aspects will be treated: 1. Mathematical Review Differential operators (gradient, divergence, curl, laplacian) and tensors in cartesian and curvilinear (spherical, cylindrical) coordinates. Eulerian and Lagrangian derivatives. 2. Momentum and Heat Transport in Materials Mass conservation: the continuity equation. Momentum flux and stress tensor. Newtonian and non-newtonian fluids. Momentum conservation: the motion equation and related boundary conditions. Bernoulli’s theorem. Flow fields in ducts and past solid bodies. Creeping and potential flow. Laminar and turbulent regimes. Heat flux: Fourier’s law. Energy conservation: the internal-energy equation. Velocity and temperature pertubations in bounded and unbounded systems. Adimensional transport equations and adimensional numbers. 3. Diffusion in Multi-Component Materials Average mass and molar velocity. Absolute and relative fluxes. Mass flux: diffusion mechanisms and generalized Fick’s law. Continuity, motion and internal-energy equations for multi-component systems in dimensional and adimensional forms. Concentration perturbations. 4. Numerical Methods for Transport Equations Finite-difference methods: consistency, convergence, stability. Overview of finite-element methods. 5. Illustrative Applications in Materials Science Flow problems in polymer technology. Anisotropic flows and orientation dynamics in liquid crystals. Heterogeneous catalysts: diffusion with chemical reaction, kinetic control. Programma di esame
Biomaterials (6 cfu)This course of Biomaterials is designed to provide a general understanding of the multidisciplinary field of biomaterials, and to give a key focus on new products arising from nanotechnology. Specifically, it aims at developing in the attendants all the necessary skills as well as the fundamental theoretical and technical competences with the ultimate goal to have graduated students who can successfully interface with the multidisciplinary scenario of biomaterials-related products and technologies, both in industrial and research environments. The current and innovative applications of biomaterials will be evaluated to highlight the connections existing between material properties, function, biological responses and clinical applications. Due to the multidisciplinary nature of this topic, both teamwork and self-learning will be stimulated. After the completion of the course, the students will be able to: • Understand the interaction between biomaterials and biologic systems, • Understand the fundamental principles of biomaterials and their properties, • Know the advanced biofabrication techniques (from macro-to-nanoscale), • Know the modern analytical and imaging techniques for characterization of biomaterials, • Know the most important regulatory aspects for clinical translation, • Demonstrate effective communication and teamwork skills through technical presentations and reports, • Demonstrate capability of to understand the scientific literature. Contents Biocompatibility and material-cell/tissue/organ interactions. Classes of materials used in medicine (synthetic and biologic polymers, metals, ceramics, composites, graft tissues). Properties of materials (chemical, physical, mechanical, architectural, surface). Exploiting biomaterial properties for medical purposes. Advanced biofabrication techniques (nano and microfiber manufacturing, nanoparticle and nanotube synthesis). Techniques for biomaterials characterization. Biological testing of biomaterials. Application of materials in medicine, biology and artificial organs: tissue engineering, drug delivery, nanomedicine. Regulatory aspects involving biomaterial devices. Programma di esame
Electron Microscopy of Nanomaterials (6 cfu)....Programma di esame
9 cfu a scelta nel gruppo GR1: Discipline Chimiche e Fisiche
Quantum and condensed matter physics (9 cfu)Wave-particleduality and uncertaintyprinciple. Schroedingerequation. Onedimensionalmotion. Hydrogen atom. Spin. Polyelectronic atoms. Atomic spectroscopy. Hydrogen molecule. Polyatomic molecules. Rotations and vibrations of molecules. Molecular spectroscopy. Thermal equilibrium and statistical distributions. Types of solids. Free electron model of metals. Phonons. Electronic energy bands and Bloch wavefunctions. Semiconductors. Transportproperties. Optical properties Programma di esame
Solid State Physics (9 cfu)Electrons in a one dimensional periodic potential. Geometrical description of crystals: direct and reciprocal lattice. Electron gas. Electronic energy levels in solids. Lattice dynamics. Optical properties of semiconductors and insulators. Fundamentals of semiconductor physics. Programma di esame
9 cfu a scelta nel gruppo GR2: Discipline Chimiche e fisiche
Nanostructured Materials (9 cfu)Synthesis and fabrication techniques of nanostructured materials. Morphological, electronic, chemical, compositional, structural and optical properties of semiconductor and carbon-based nanostructures; characterization techniques.Programma di esame
Quantum Optics Lab (9 cfu)Electromagnetic propagation in homogeneous media. Polarisation of an electromagnetic wave. Laws of reflection and refraction. Interference. Optical Fibres.Programma di esame
12 cfu a scelta nel gruppo GR6
Interaction of Electromagnetic Waves with Complex Media (6 cfu)Interaction of Electromagnetic Waves with Complex Media. Obiettiviformativi:The course reviews the constitutive parameters of classical materials and introduces the methods for retrieving these parameters from measurements. Complex materials obtained with inclusions of dielectric or metallic particles into homogeneous media are addressed. Theory of wave propagation in complex media are presented and applied to metamaterial transmission lines and periodic structures.Programma di esame
Materials and Devices for Nanoscale Electronics (6 cfu)The course focuses on the relationship between materials and the development of nanoelectronic devices. Starting from an analysis of the main characteristics of CMOS scaling and the role played by advanced materials in furthering Moore's law in the last decade, the role of emerging device concepts and the way they are enabled by novel material systems will then be introduced. Practical case studies and design examples will be discussed.Programma di esame
Solid State Physicochemical Methods (6 cfu)This course deals with subjects of molecular spectroscopy which have a fundamental importance for the characterization of materials. Its aim consists in giving to the students a basis concerning the physicochemical aspects of the most important spectroscopic techniques, as well as an overview of their possible applications. Course outline The following aspects will be treated: Basics of molecular spectroscopy: the electromagnetic spectrum, electromagnetic radiations and their interaction with molecules (absorption, emission, scattering), energy levels and different types of transitions, etc. Hints on several bulk spectroscopic techniques: Electron Paramagnetic Resonance, Mossbauer, etc. Solid state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy: the nuclear spin, nuclear interactions, basics theory, peculiarities of the solid state, different techniques and their applications to the study of structure and dynamics of different classes of materials. Physico-chemical methods for the study of the surfaces of materials will also be treated, as for instance Raman scattering and photoelectronic spectroscopies. Programma di esame
12 cfu a scelta nel gruppo GR5
Electromagnetic Materials and Electron Devices (12 cfu)Electromagnetic Materials The course introduces the fundamental laws of electromagnetic fields, with the aim of devising electromagnetic properties of materials. The different configurations of the electromagnetic field propagating in various transmission lines are treated in details and then used for resorting to equivalent model representations of composite materials. Analysis of radiating structures and definition of parameters employed to characterize microwave devices are also addressed. Electron Devices The course covers the fundamental properties of the electron devices that represent the building blocks of modern electronic circuits and systems. After introducing the main concepts of electrical transport in semiconductors, the physics and the operation of the pn junction, the bipolar and the field effect transistors are treated in detail. Furthermore, we will discuss the effect of nanostructuring on the transport properties of materials and on device properties. Programma di esame
Spectroscopy of nanomaterials (12 cfu)Emission, scattering, absorption properties of confined nano systems; experimental techniques, sources, detectors, spectrometers; Fourier and Raman spectroscopy; magnetic resonance spectroscopy; plasmonics from surface and localized resonances; survey of nano photonics devices; linear and nonlinear optical spectroscopies; optical microscopy beyond the diffraction limit; atomic and electrostatic force microscopy and spectroscopy, scanning tunnelling microscopy.Programma di esame
Polymer Science and Engineering (6 cfu)
Tirocinio (15 cfu)
Prova finale (15 cfu)
Computational Nanoelectronics and Metamaterials (6 cfu)
12 cfu a scelta nel gruppo GR10: Attività a libera scelta
Glass Transition (3 cfu)The course discusses the transformation of non- crystallizable liquid and polymeric systems in amorphous solids. The student is introduced to the study of thermodynamic systems outside equilibrium through simple statistical modelsProgramma di esame
Surface Physics (3 cfu)The course consists of a general introduction to the physics of surfaces and interfaces that focuses on the concepts of basis rather than the specific details, and explore the physical phenomena that underpin the most important techniques and methods of analysis of surfaces.Programma di esame
Biosensors (6 cfu)Programma di esame
Computational Nanosciences (6 cfu)Programma di esame
Cyber-Physical Systems (6 cfu)New architecture for the integration of processing, storage and network (Network Function Visualization and Software Defined Networking). Coordination between physical and virtual space (Cloud Networking, Fog/Edge Computing). Convergence among computation, communication and control. Embedded systems, sensors, actuators. Industrial internet and protocol stacks for industrial networks of sensors and actuators. Tools for simulation and emulation. Hands-on activities in an industrial IoT scenario.Programma di esame
Principles of Microfluidics (6 cfu)1. Fundamentals of fluid mechanics: newtonian fluids, Navier-Stokes equations; analysis of the flow in various regimes: inertial flows, irrotational flows, low-Reynolds-number (creeping) flows; boundary conditions. 2. Physical chemistry of surfaces: interfacial phenomena, capillarity; micro/nano particles in fluids: electrical interfaces in electrolyte solutions, electrical double layer, colloidal dispersions, micro-emulsions. 3. Fluid flows in confined geometries: flows in micro-pores; electro-osmotic flows; diffusio-osmotic flows; capillary flows, coating flows. Low-Reynolds-number flows of micro-particles (or micro-drops o micro-bubbles ) in fluids; micro-break-up of liquid jets, sprays; electrophoresis, diffusiophoresis, liquid flows driven by surface tension. Aggregation dynamics of colloidal particles with or without shear-flow: I e II Smoluchowski’s theory. Programma di esame
Materials for Electronics and Optoelectronics (6 cfu)Technologies and devices for electronic and optoelectronic circuits at a large scale of integration. Compatibility with incumbent semiconductor technologies. Industrial applications in different market segments.Programma di esame
6 cfu a scelta nel gruppo GR9: Discipline chimiche e fisiche
Quantum Theory of Solids (6 cfu)Electronic states in solids: the approximation to an electron and its overcoming. Excitons, plasmons and screen dielectric crystals. Born- Oppenheimer approximation. Hellmann - Feynman theorem and its application to the calculation of forces on the nuclei. Phase definition of Berry. Superconductivity.Programma di esame
Photonics (6 cfu)Programma di esame
Many Body Physics (6 cfu)Hartree - Fock theory, the electron gas, metallic clusters, quantum dots, equation of Gross - Pitaevskii , Hartree-Fock - Bogoliubov and BCS theory, density functional theory and linear response theory.Programma di esame
Biophysics (6 cfu)The course provides the basic elements of cell biophysics, and describes the spectroscopic and microscopic (Confocal and atomic force) and molecular dynamics with applications to the physiological systems and the nano - biomedicine.Programma di esame
Mechanical Behaviour of Materials (6 cfu)
6 cfu a scelta nel gruppo GR3: Discipline Chimiche e Fisiche
Computational Materials Science (6 cfu)Quantum mechanical approaches, Density Functional Theory, many-body approaches. Multiscale approaches: quantum mechanics, molecular mechanics, coarse graining, polarizable continua. Electronic properties. Excited electronic states and UV-vis spectroscopy. Vibrations, IR and Raman spectroscopy. Dynamicaleffects. Programma di esame
Chemistry of Soft Matter (6 cfu)The course aims at: -Understanding the general concepts of the chemistry of polymers, colloids and interfaces. -Knowing key methods of polymerisation, and their applicability in soft matter. -Explaining the polymeric properties, and the methods utilised to assess these properties. -Explaining the relationships between polymer preparation, structure and properties. -Describing the applications of polymers and understanding which polymers are suitable for which applications. Course outline Fundamentals of soft polymeric materials with special emphasis on the definition, classification, structure of monomers and polymers, their tacticity and molecular weight. Polymer chemistry (synthesis of polymers and the different mechanisms involved), polymer physics (the semi-crystalline state, the thermal transitions in polymers, structure-property relationships) and the mechanical behaviour of macromolecules are also described. Surface tension, adsorption and surface activity, micelle formation and colloids: examples and applications. General description of the importance of physical and chemical properties of soft matter as applied in advanced materials. Programma di esame
6 cfu a scelta nel gruppo GR4: Discipline dell'ingegneria
Transport Phenomena in Materials (6 cfu)This course deals with solid-state diffusion, homogeneous and heterogeneous chemical reactions, and spinodal decomposition. Topics covered include: heat conduction in solids, convective and radiative heat transfer boundary conditions; fluid dynamics, 1-D solutions to the Navier-Stokes equations, boundary layer theory, turbulent flow, and coupling with heat conduction and diffusion in fluids to calculate heat and mass transfer coefficients. Course outline The following aspects will be treated: 1. Mathematical Review Differential operators (gradient, divergence, curl, laplacian) and tensors in cartesian and curvilinear (spherical, cylindrical) coordinates. Eulerian and Lagrangian derivatives. 2. Momentum and Heat Transport in Materials Mass conservation: the continuity equation. Momentum flux and stress tensor. Newtonian and non-newtonian fluids. Momentum conservation: the motion equation and related boundary conditions. Bernoulli’s theorem. Flow fields in ducts and past solid bodies. Creeping and potential flow. Laminar and turbulent regimes. Heat flux: Fourier’s law. Energy conservation: the internal-energy equation. Velocity and temperature pertubations in bounded and unbounded systems. Adimensional transport equations and adimensional numbers. 3. Diffusion in Multi-Component Materials Average mass and molar velocity. Absolute and relative fluxes. Mass flux: diffusion mechanisms and generalized Fick’s law. Continuity, motion and internal-energy equations for multi-component systems in dimensional and adimensional forms. Concentration perturbations. 4. Numerical Methods for Transport Equations Finite-difference methods: consistency, convergence, stability. Overview of finite-element methods. 5. Illustrative Applications in Materials Science Flow problems in polymer technology. Anisotropic flows and orientation dynamics in liquid crystals. Heterogeneous catalysts: diffusion with chemical reaction, kinetic control. Programma di esame
Biomaterials (6 cfu)This course of Biomaterials is designed to provide a general understanding of the multidisciplinary field of biomaterials, and to give a key focus on new products arising from nanotechnology. Specifically, it aims at developing in the attendants all the necessary skills as well as the fundamental theoretical and technical competences with the ultimate goal to have graduated students who can successfully interface with the multidisciplinary scenario of biomaterials-related products and technologies, both in industrial and research environments. The current and innovative applications of biomaterials will be evaluated to highlight the connections existing between material properties, function, biological responses and clinical applications. Due to the multidisciplinary nature of this topic, both teamwork and self-learning will be stimulated. After the completion of the course, the students will be able to: • Understand the interaction between biomaterials and biologic systems,

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Materials and nanotechnology

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