GENDER EU POLITICS AND GLOBALISATION

PART I. The frame of the citizenship of rights – An historical perspective
In the first part of the course we will focus on framing the women path toward full citizenship around the world. We start from the idea of “citizenship of rights” conceptualized by T. H. Marshall in the fifties of the XX century, contrasting the Fordist concept of “citizenship of labor”, based only on massive-production. Then, we will examine the different timeline of women and men in the obtainment of rights throughout the XX and the XXI century. We will briefly examine the importance of the feminists' movements starting from suffragism at the end of XIX Century (obtainment of political rights) and then we will go through the years of civil rights in the 1970s, followed by the concepts of affirmative actions and gender mainstreaming in the 1980s and 1990s (the years of the social rights). Then we will focus on the intervention of international and national organisms – starting from the UN declaration of San Francisco in 1945 to the declaration of Istanbul (2015). Their role in local governments to adopt strong commitments against discriminations and in favor of equal opportunities for all will be underlined furing the lessons. <the programme ends with an overview on the recent scenario of the closing of the borders in many countries of the EU and in USA determined by the “migrants issue” and the rising of different forms of populism: closing the borders means destroying the whole idea of citizenship of rights… (for all, not only for women).

PART II. The translation of rights into practice:different types of Welfare State
This is the core of the course and it will deep the problem of the effectiveness of rights. Who is in charge to do this? Politics. And how? Through policies. What king of policies are needed? Are they effective?

LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK

• EU AND INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTIONS. Gender equality in International, European and national contexts of institutions and policies (declarations, charters, treaties, normative, rules and laws on “gender issue”)

KNOWLEDGE (breaking cultural stereotypes)

• FEMINISM/FEMINISMS: A comparative historical approach, national frameworks, main authors.
• STEREOTYPES The persistency of stereotypes in social roles perpetuates the situation of discrimination for women in society. There is a big cultural problem of sexism in the language and especially in the media.
• HoMOPHOBIA and transphobia: The constant production of discriminations based on the intersectionality of gender identity/race/class
• FAMILY AND FAMILIES: how many type of families we are? The different legislation in the EU countries (at least)

POWER
• WOMEN IN POLITICS and in apical positions: why so few? Affirmative actions and policies to balance the representativeness of women and men in society.

WORK
• THE LABOR MARKET from a gender perspective. How the different welfare systems in Eu countries can affect this scenario? Work life balance and gender pay gap as main issues. The intersecting problem of labour, care and migration

VIOLENCE
• DOMESTIC VIOLENCE and any type of violence against women. From harassment to feminicide. A problem of legislation a problem of knowledge a problem of culture

HEALTH
• REPRODUCTIVE RIGHTS. “my body is mine”. How things are going around the world on abortion, surrogacy of maternity, ostethric violence, contraception and all the other issues concerning women’s body.

SPACE
• THE RIGHT TO THE CITY – the city of equality for all. How a non-sexist city looks like? urban space and gender dimension of local politics (best practices for the city of equality)